POLÍTICAS DE EDUCAÇÃO ESPECIAL NA PERSPECTIVA DA EDUCAÇÃO INCLUSIVA E REDE PRIVADA DE ATENDIMENTO COMO MOVIMENTO SOCIAL

Abstract

This article aims to analyze the constitution of a private network in Special Education in Brazil as a social movement and the consolidation of special education policies from the perspective of inclusive education. For this study, Brazilian official documents, and documents from the National Federation of Apaes (FENAPAES) were sought as primary sources. For the analysis we searched the studies of Jannuzzi (1985, 2006), Bueno (1993, 2004, 2011), Jannuzzi and Caiado (2013), Rafante (2006, 2011) and Silva (1995) for the discussion in the area of ​​Special Education, and as a theoretical framework for the discussion of social movement the studies by Montaño and Duriguetto (2011), Melucci (2001) and Sader (1988), as well as Castel (2000), Leher (2009, 2010), Freitas (2002) and Garcia (1998), contributions to discuss the perspective of inclusion. The study indicated that Fenapaes, as a private philanthropic network, acted in the definition of policies in Special Education in Brazil over time, reorganized itself as a social movement after policy definitions in the perspective of inclusive education, operating as a political movement in the permanence of people with disabilities in specialized institutions. The proposals forwarded by Fenapaes are in line with the neoliberal direction, proclaimed by proposals of privatization and publicization that transfer the State's obligations in the social field to the private sector organized by the “third sector”.

Keywords: Special education. Social movements. Educational politics. Fenapaes.