HEALTH EDUCATION IN ADOLESCENCE: INTERACTIVE METHODOLOGIES IN THE PREVENTION OF CHRONIC DISEASES

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33362/ext.v11i1.2940

Keywords:

Adolescent, Diabetes Mellitus, Hypertension, Public health, Primary Prevention

Abstract

ABSTRACT: Non-communicable chronic diseases constitute the greatest burden of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Knowing the importance of health education in the transformation of reality, the objective was to evaluate the effectiveness of active methodologies in disseminating the anatomophysiological knowledge necessary for understanding risk factors and complications related to Systemic Arterial Hypertension and Diabetes, helping the discernment between scientific knowledge and common sense. To this end, a quantitative cross-sectional study was carried out with 273 second-year high school students from 11 state public schools in the state of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil. A game with interactive learning methodologies was used, with the same questionnaire being applied before and after it to assess its impact. The general average of correct answers increased by more than 100% after the intervention (from 24.18 to 52.91%). There was a lower percentage of correct answers in Diabetes (21.8%) and Anatomy (13.74%), these being the theme and the axis with the lowest proportional increases in the average of correct answers (27.44% in diabetes and 6.68% in anatomy). The alternative “I don't know how to answer” was chosen by 28.21% of students before the action and by 4.58% after the action. Despite the “risk factors” axis presenting the best average of pre-intervention correct answers (41.58%), the “common sense” axis obtained the highest increase (37.99%). Schools in the Rural Area had a lower average of correct answers in both questionnaires when compared to those in the Urban Area (20.43% versus 24.84% in the pre-action and 49.39% versus 53.56% in the post-action, respectively ), possibly found by chance, given the smaller sample of students from rural areas. It is concluded that the interactive methodologies used significantly improved the students' performance in all axes addressed.

Keywords: Adolescence. Diabetes Mellitus. Hypertension. Public health. Primary Prevention.

References

ALENCAR, A. L. DE et al. SABERES POPULARES EM DIABETES: A IMPORTÂNCIA DA EDUCAÇÃO EM SAÚDE. Saúde em Redes, v. v.2, n. 1, 2016. Disponível em:

redeunida.org.br/ocs/index.php/congresso/2016/paper/view/5717>. Acesso em: 10 out. 2022.

BRASIL. Base Nacional Comum Cirrucular. 2017. Disponível em: <http://basenacionalcomum.mec.

gov.br/abase/>. Acesso em: 10 out. 2022.

BRINCHER, S.; SILVA, F. DA. Jogos digitais como ferramenta de ensino: reflexões iniciais. Outra Travessia, v. 1, n. 2, p. 42–69, jul. 2012. Disponível em: <https://periodicos.ufsc.br/index.php/Outra/ article/view/2176-8552.2011nesp1p42/22897>. Acesso em: 10 out. 2022.

DE CARVALHO, F. F. B. A saúde vai à escola: A promoção da saúde em práticas pedagógicas. Physis, v. 25, n. 4, p. 1207–1227, out. 2015. Disponível em: <https://www.scielo.br/j/physis/a/TTdz6Z MxbV7ft8L9KyxkPyr/?format=pdf&lang=pt>. Acesso em: 10 out. 2022.

DEL POZO, P. et al. Clinical profile of children with diabetic ketoacidosis in a critical care unit. Revista Chilena de Pediatria, v. 89, n. 4, p. 491–498, 2018. Disponível em: <https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/ 30571823/>. Acesso em: 10 out. 2022.

FORNAZIERO, C. C. et al. O ensino da anatomia: integração do corpo humano e meio ambiente. Revista Brasileira de Educação Médica, v. 34, n. 2, p. 290–297, 2010. Disponível em: <https://www.scielo.br/j/rbem/a/G3mJkS5WGGFML5n7qhr3XWq/?lang=pt&format=pdf>. Acesso em: 10 out. 2022.

INTERNATIONAL DIABETES FEDERATION. IDF Diabetes Atlas, 9th edn. International Diabetes Federation, p. 176, 2019. Disponível em: <https://www.diabetesatlas.org>. Acesso em: 10 out. 2022.

MINISTÉRIO DA EDUCAÇÃO. Programa Saúde nas Escolas. Disponível em: <http://portal.mec. gov.br/programa-saude-da-escola/194-secretarias-112877938/secad-educacao-continuada-223369541/14578-programa-saude-nas-escolas>. Acesso em: 31 jul. 2022.

NUTBEAM, D.; MUSCAT, D. M. Health Promotion Glossary 2021. Health Promotion International, v. 36, n. 6, p. 1578–1598, 2021. Disponível em: <https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33822939/>. Acesso em: 10 out. 2022.

SILVA, C. H. et al. Conhecendo a Anatomia: a Integração Da Universidade Com a Educação Básica. Itinerarius Reflectionis, v. 12, n. 2, maio 2016. Disponível em: <https://revistas.ufg.br/rir/article/view/ 40965>. Acesso em: 10 out. 2022.

VASCONCELOS, E. M. Popular education as a tool for redirecting strategies to deal with infectious and parasitic diseases. Cadernos de saúde pública / Ministério da Saúde, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública, v. 14 Suppl 2, n. 2, p. 39–57, 1998. Disponível em: <https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9700224/>. Acesso em: 10 out. 2022.

VIERO, V. DOS S. F. et al. Health education with adolescents: analysis of knowledge acquisition on health topics. Escola Anna Nery - Revista de Enfermagem, v. 19, n. 3, p. 484–490, 2015. Disponível em: <https://www.scielo.br/j/ean/a/wyHpK9Nm4p4wjjp7sHKbkLw/?lang=en&format=pdf>. Acesso em: 10 out. 2022.

WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION. Top 10 causes of death. Disponível em: <http://www.who.int/ gho/mortality_burden_disease/causes_death/top_10/en/>. Acesso em: 10 ago. 2018.

WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION. Noncommunicable diseases. Disponível em: . Acesso em: 10 out. 2022.

WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION AND OTHERS. Global action plan for the prevention and control of noncommunicable diseases 2013-2020. [s.l: s.n.]. Disponível em: <https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/94384>. Acesso em: 10 out. 2022.

YONEKURA, T.; SOARES, C. B. O jogo educativo como estratégia de sensibilização para coleta de dados com adolescentes. Revista Latino-Americana de Enfermagem, v. 18, n. 5, p. 968–974, 2010. Disponível em: <https://www.scielo.br/j/rlae/a/wLjmcStQ8GCXBhNKbGpVrRd/?format=pdf&lang=pt>. Acesso em: 10 out. 2022.

ZHANG, G. et al. Medical School Anatomy and Pathology Workshops for High School Students Enhance Learning and Provide Inspiration for Careers in Medicine. Academic Pathology, v. 3, 2016. Disponível em: <https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/2374289516685323>. Acesso em: 10 out. 2022.

ZUERCHER, J. L.; GOPALAN, C. Introducing physiology of diabetes to American Asian middle school and high school students. Advances in Physiology Education, v. 44, n. 4, p. 587–591, 1 dez. 2020. Disponível em: <https://journals.physiology.org/doi/full/10.1152/advan.00088.2020>. Acesso em: 10 out. 2022.

Published

2023-02-09

How to Cite

MENDONÇA, L.; MACSON DA SILVA, N. .; LUÍS DE HOLANDA REGO, T. .; GURGEL COSME DO NASCIMENTO, E. .; MARIA LIMA RODRIGUES MAIA, A. .; LENDRO DA COSTA, M. . HEALTH EDUCATION IN ADOLESCENCE: INTERACTIVE METHODOLOGIES IN THE PREVENTION OF CHRONIC DISEASES. Extensão em Foco (ISSN: 2317-9791), [S. l.], v. 11, n. 1, p. 1–16, 2023. DOI: 10.33362/ext.v11i1.2940. Disponível em: https://periodicos.uniarp.edu.br/index.php/extensao/article/view/2940. Acesso em: 22 jul. 2024.

Issue

Section

Artigos